Reading Copyright and the Issue of Downloading Essay

Reading Copyright and the Issue of Downloading When you buy music legally, there is usually a copyright mark somewhere on the product. Stolen music generally does not bear a copyright mark or warning. Either way, the copyright law still applies. A copyrighted creative work does not have to be marked as such to be protected by law. â€Å"The copyright allows the holder to control the reproduction, display, distribution, and performance of a protected work,† (Corley, Moorehead,, Reed, Shedd, 2004). Example: A person wants the new Rolling Stones CD or perhaps they are looking to make a nice music compilation for playing at a party. For many people it is as simple as opening one of many peer-to-peer file share programs,†¦show more content†¦Copyright Office, 2008). Example: A musical artist’s composition is original in the copyright sense because it owes its originality to the artist, therefore, the work can be original due to the rendition without being novel or unique in content (words or melody). Additionally, a work can incorporate pre-existing material and still be original. When preexisting material is incorporated into a new work, the copyright on the new work covers only the original material contributed by the artist. If music is protected by copyright and a person does not have the copyright holder’s permission, U.S. copyright law prohibits unauthorized. There are sites that offer music for legal downloading and must state within the site that they have the copyright owner’s permission. â€Å"Copyright Law protects authors rather than inventors. An author creates works of a literary, dramatic, musical, graphic, choreographic, audio, or visual nature – ranging from printed material to photographs to records and motion pictures, these works receive automatic federal protection under the Copyright Act of 1976 from the moment the author creates them,† (Corley, Moorehead,, Reed, Shedd, 2004). Copyright Protection Copyright protection arises automatically when an original work of authorship is fixed in a tangible medium or expression. Registration with the Copyright Office is optional, but you haveShow MoreRelatedTypes of File Sharing1664 Words   |  7 Pagestypically host files so that others can download them. Downloading Without Paying: Why is it illegal? When a movie or song is produced and marketed, everyone involved in the process has monetary gains from the sale of that product. Therefore, that product is protected by copyright law so that it cannot be copied, reproduced or resold without their permission. If you did not pay for a song, movie or other media file that has a copyright, then downloading that file is a crime. Likewise, distributing a copyrightedRead MoreDefinitions of Intellectual Property993 Words   |  4 Pagesand the impact of the moral justifications that exist in cyberspace Intellectual property defines a wide range of the property created by investors, artistes, authors, and musicians. The law governing intellectual property naturally includes the copyrights, trademarks, and patents law. Its main intention is to motivate the development of art, sciences, and information giving defined rights of property to all the artistes, who include inventors of science and art. These rights assist artists to safeguardRead MoreEssay on 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act1331 Words   |  6 Pages1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act Right before a movie starts in your theatre, you’re subjected to many advertisements. One that always stood out was the piracy campaign ad which gave a perspective on the downloading of movies from an off set worker. His distinctive message was that, movie stars are paid exorbitant amounts of money but the on and off set workers are not. By downloading the movie or â€Å"screener† in advanced, you’re really hurting the people behind the magic. So what doesRead MoreFile Sharing on the Internet Essay625 Words   |  3 PagesFile Sharing on the Internet Want to see the latest box office movies? How about checking out the latest records by your favorite rock band? What if you feel like playing a game or reading a document or doing some research? Today, with the progress the Internet is making, this is all possible in your own home in your own PC. For people who know where to go, the Internet offers endless possibilities for finding entertainment. Perhaps the most controversial and intriguing thing on the Internet todayRead MoreShould Downloading Be Broken Up? Essay1251 Words   |  6 PagesTraditional downloading is a very simple process: one goes online, finds the file that they desire, and directly downloads the entirety of the file directly to their computer. This process is not only time consuming, it also cannot be broken up, as doing so will cancel the entire process. This way of downloading however can be done alone and without the assistance of anyone beyond the person that uploaded the initial file. Peer to peer file-sharin g is a networked way to download a much larger fileRead MoreEssay about Downloadable Music Factor1187 Words   |  5 Pageswill discuss that downloading factor of music into today’s society. Overall, the arguments and court upbringings, without hesitation I truly believe that downloading music is the best complex to be brought about. It is free, accessible, and downloadable music. This is simply based off of what the people want to stay and enjoy doing in the safety of there home. There are many pro’s to the getting free downloadable music. Number one reason and issue that deals with downloading music is it is freeRead MoreThe Film Piracy Problem 5892 Words   |  24 Pagesencompass much more than a focus on the effects of film piracy on profits for movie studios or royalties for actors. Activity A helps students define the issue and its implications. Activity B is a problem-solving project that challenges students’ team-building skills. Team members assume different roles: One researches and interprets copyright laws; another researches and reports on digital technology; and other viewpoints—the consumer’s as well as the filmmaker’s—are also explored. In completingRead MoreThe M Records, Inc. V. Napster1439 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of the copyright system has always been to promote creativity in society and protect the creators’ interests. In applying copyright laws to any creation, three basic guidelines apply. First is the fair return for a creators labor, second is â€Å"Fair Use† of the creators’ labor and finally the Progress of Science and useful Arts t o further the public good. The application of these three guidelines in litigation for AM Records, Inc. v. Napster, found that the rights of reproduction, and distributionRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Copyright System1485 Words   |  6 PagesThe purpose of the copyright system has always been to promote creativity in society and protect the creator’s interests. In applying copyright laws to any creation, three basic guidelines apply. First is the fair return for a creator’s labor, second is â€Å"Fair Use† of the creator’s labor and finally the Progress of Science and useful Arts to further the public good. The application of these three guidelines in litigation for AM Records, Inc. vs. Napster, found that the rights of reproduction, andRead MoreMedia Piracy And Copyright Issues1671 Words   |  7 PagesMedia piracy and copyright issues have been seen as a huge issue in the history of national and international law. These issues have grown to greater conc ern up to this point in time because of the advancements in technology, the ease of stealing information, and the accepting culture of copying, sharing and redistributing copyright material. It has become a part of our daily lives like downloading music from YouTube through third-party sites, pirating movies from online websites through torrents

Good Readers Good Writers - 1199 Words

Nabokov: Providing a Flood and Lifeboat In Nabokov’s 1948 â€Å"Good Readers and Good Writers,† the reader has the opportunity to view the possibilities of a beautiful collision of a major reader and a major writer. This piece discusses reading and writing: skills that have become standardized and slightly devalued as education has advanced. Literacy has become so expected that little thought is put into what defines a good reader or writer; Nabokov tackles this idea head on. Nabokov’s intention of this piece is to passionately display a relationship that is formed between a good reader and a good writer, and the essential need for an open mind. He stresses the vitality of understanding instead of immediately identifying when reading;†¦show more content†¦Instead Nabokov states: â€Å"study that new world as closely as possible, approaching it as something brand new, having no obvious connection with the worlds we already know† (1). When approached in such a manner a major reader ca n see the new world in its entirety and once it has been explored and understood then there is room to compare its connections to other worlds and knowledge. Nabokov uses bold and unafraid language to emphasize his thoughts and chooses to speak only to those who choose to listen. The lesson he teaches requires the audience to look past personal comparison and preference. The audience must gain understand and appreciate first; then let Nabokov’s ideas apply to the world of reading and writing they themselves know it. Nabokov displays this message by refusing to dull any of his thoughts: for example phrases like, â€Å"Can anybody be so naive as to think he or she can learn anything about the past from those†¦ historical novels?† (1). He still has a definite message but in a lot of sentences and phrases they have a condescending punch to them. Nabokov uses superlatives such as: â€Å"the best temperament for a reader to have†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (3). As well as opinionated statements such as: â€Å"nothing is more boring or more unfair†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (1). Statements like these can prevent his audience to open their minds b ecause his language is emotionally provoking. Nabokov purposely tests his audience by using powerful provoking languageShow MoreRelatedGood Readers And Good Writers By Vladimir Nabokov1206 Words   |  5 Pagessummary of both articles we will be discussing today on The Morning Show. The article, Good Readers and Good Writers by Vladimir Nabokov is basing itself on how good readers and good writers get good to begin with. Mr Nabokov explains that the author must be able to create something different and unique to â€Å"sent planet spinnings† in order to produce a successful book. While on the other hand to make yourself a good reader you must read a book with a fresh mindset as if you don’t know what s to come, goRead MoreAnalysis Of Good Readers And Good Writers By Vladimir Nabokov954 Words   |  4 Pagesassigned reading of â€Å"Good Readers and Good Writers† by Vladimir Nabokov probes the subject that is the necessary attributes an individual must have in order for them to be successful readers and writers of literature. A list of ten rules is then stated in the essay and sets them as the baseline commandments that an individual must follow in order to be some kind of a devoted â€Å"good reader†. While the criteria sets the standard for a â€Å"good reader† it aligns with that of a good analyzer and can be appliedRead More Writing Style Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinition of what style is and what good writing entails. William Strunk and E.B. White’s book The Elements of Style, along with Joseph M. Williams’s book Style Toward Clarity and Grace helped lead me to this point, which is: what is the point? What really matters when we consider the style of writing? What makes good writing good? Every writer could collectively sit down together and never come up with an answer to these questions because every writer has a different opinion on whatRead MoreA Case Of Assisted Suicide By Jack Kevorkian1329 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent ideas of a good essay. Essays that are interesting to the readers. For an essay to be considered a good essay, it has to be entertaining, the readers should be able to picture an image in their mind. For many others, they may have different ideas about what a good writer is. For example, I don’t like it when writers give out too much information. They will describe things and go on and on about it. Others might like this, but I don’t like it when the writers do this. Most writers have one of theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Great Writers 930 Words   |  4 Pagestalking about? Writers sometimes get carried away with big word s and long drawn out sentences, ultimately missing their own point. When in reality what they’re really doing is taking up space on a page. Great writers recognize that it’s not about the complexity of their words that makes them good at writing, but how effective they are at getting their message across to readers. A writer should understand that the over use of words and drawn out sentences only bores and confuses the reader; making theRead MoreMark Twain And Stephen King Essay975 Words   |  4 Pages From classic writers, such as Sir Author Conan Doyal and Edgar Allen Poe, to contemporary writers, such as, Mark Twain and Stephen King, they all started at the same place, the beginning. The most famous poems, plays, songs, books, and movies that have stood the test of time and a now considered masterpieces all have one thing in common, they are written well. They are immortalized because of the way the words were strung together and kept their audiences captivated. Those writers were able to mesmerizeRead MorePathos, logos and Ethos in Aristotle ´s Rhetorical Triangle Essay1656 Words   |  7 Pages Many writers use several diverse ways to persuade readers into believing them. Some writers may tell a story, provide facts and information, or other ideas to encourage his or her reader to agree with the argument. Aristotle’s rhetorical triangle describes three diverse appeals: logos, pathos, and ethos. Logos is based on facts and reasons explaining logical arguments that rely on information and evidence. Logos is built with enough evidence, data, statistics, and reliable information. Another typeRead MoreUsing A Blog Writing And Quality, Can They Co Exist?919 Words   |  4 Pageshire may not have writers who understand the subject matter. Solving this seeming problem can be as simple as viewing samples of the blogs the service has published on a similar subject matter. If the service uses competent writers, they should demonstrate an understanding of the type of business they are writing about. In fact, there may even be an advantage to hiring someone who doesn t know as much about a business as an owner or someone who works for a company: Most readers also won t know asRead More`` Shitty First Drafts `` By Anne Lamott1079 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstanding that writers create a masterpiece on their first drafts. The first draft is simply the first attempt that writers create to turn their thoughts into a final paper. Lamott tries to convince the â€Å"uninitiated† that everyone writes â€Å"shitty first drafts† and often times, positive outcomes come from those first attempts. One of the biggest obstacle in writing is the fear of creating terrible paper and many writers do not realize that this is actually the most important part to a good article. Read MoreShiloh: A Novel by Shelby Foote1013 Words   |  4 Pagesaccount the element of imagination that one is able to use when writing a novel regarding events that have occurred in the past. Shiloh: A Novel, written by Shelby Foote, can use several different components related to fiction in order to help the reader be able to further comprehend what happened at the Battle of Shiloh during the American Civil War without having to explain the actual events by using real historical references. There are several things that can be depicted in history by using

Logistics And Operations For Oil And Gas †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Logistics And Operations For Oil And Gas. Answer: Introduction The oil and Gas industry is facing an intense pressure from the operational efficiencies due to the lowering oil prices. This is to achieve breakthrough by managing performance demand in an effective way. Digital technologies and models are important to meet the points in the oil and gas value chain. In current situation, the oil and gas industry has digital perspective to drive efficiencies across the industry landscape. The report primarily focuses on digital technology used by BP in managing its operations. It describes the role of digital technology in managing operational safety and supply chain. By considering all the factor chain and development procedure, it is able to manage the consequent changes taking place in the production and distribution channel. Company Overview BP P.L.C in a British Oil Company is located in London. It is one of the worlds 6th Oil and Gas Company. It became the largest oil producing company in the year 2012 and the 6th major company by capitalization. BP is coordinated vertically and carries out all the operations related to oil and petroleum. They have a sustainable interest in the management of bio fuel and wind energy. The changing technology has a long-term implication on the organization. Just like many other organizations, international oil giant BP has undergone a digital transformation of its own by relying on cloud computing. Digital Technology at BP BP has implemented effective cloud efforts over the last 18 months. It has gained rewards, due to the digital technology cost savings, in an effective way by adding innovation. Technological changes at BP have helped in managing the changes taking place in the digital environment. The changing use of technology and digitalization has helped in organizing the resources in the most appropriate way. This has helped in implementing the resource up-gradation in the company in order to gain the benefit. In order you remain competitive, it is important to implement an effective digital technology mechanism. This will help in gaining sustainable changes in the operations. It is important for organizing the day-to-day operations. It is the most effective way that is used by the companies in order to gain concrete changes. This is a necessary fact that needs to be implemented in order to coordinate the desired changes. The approach is effective while focusing on the deliberate changes that are important for achieving the ultimate goal. Upstream technology and its critical evaluation Digitalization helps in imbibing effective industrys ecosystem, by disrupting traditional value chains and redefining roles. The new business models allow companies in leading organizational change. By using a structured approach digitalization can be understood in order to develop changes in a systematic way. The technology stack approach helps in exploring how digitalization will alter the upstream oil ecosystem. It involves 5 steps in the upstream value chain: exploration and appraisal, concept development, project definition and execution, drilling, and production. These approaches are important from the point of view of providing structured changes in order to gain effectiveness. Digital technologies are significant from the point of creating better chance for the alteration of the upstream industry. This is also helping in adapting longer-term low oil price. BP is working efficiently in the field of digital oilfield, with a continuous focus on Field of the Future programme, incorporating 2000km of fiber cable in the Gulf of Mexico and the North Sea. This will enable onshore technician to directly communicate with the off-shore engineers. The digital technology has helped in 35 collaborative environmental project deployed internationally. They have moreover deployed a Real-time sound inspection on major assets (Saad, Mohamed Udin and Hasnan, 2014). The cloud, mobility, analytics and Big Data, used by the company is creating digital platforms for oil and gas companies in order to carry out operational functions. This has helped in managing engineering data and documents in order to seek critical information to contractors and employees. On a long run, the companies are using the digital platform to track and trace technologies. Holsman (2017) has very signified the growing importance of Digital technologies in transforming corporate functions like finance, HR, supply chain, marketing and procurement. The change in the IT has a higher impact and reduced costs in order to gain competencies. Secondly, the digital technology is been deployed at the worlds first Life of Field Seismic array at Valhall. They are harnessing power with the help of seismic and geologic data in order to recover oil and gas. The digital technologies has enabled in integrating the process data from multiple sources in the most efficient way. BP has materialized the union of cloud computing, sensors, advanced analytics, machine-generated algorithms in order to gain opportunities (Schnsleben, 2016). The Connected Upstream is BPs international intelligence network; by adding on the experience with cutting edge digital technologies. Their aim is to gain intelligent monitoring in order to understand whats happening at any given time. This technology is also helping in prediction. It is helping in optimization in order to drive performance in safety and productivity (Yusuf et al 2013). Intelligent monitoring BP is also using the intelligent monitoring in order to know precisely whats going on at any given time. The company is primarily focusing on intelligence technology extensively incorporated into offshore operations (Grant, Wong and Trautrims, 2017). This helps in bringing in effective benefits in terms of safety and operations: BPs proprietary data lake has more than 1 petabyte operational data 99.5% of inspection data is operated well in one single system, allowing to track performance and trends internationally(Digital technology.2017) The Distributed fibre optics technology used by the company, help in detecting precise location while entering the well and provide solution at an early stage. BP is using self-directed underwater vehicles and drones to inspect pipelines and infrastructure. This has helped in resolving the environmental issues in the best possible way. Role of digital technology in operational safety and supply chain Digital technology has helped in optimization of resources in the best possible way. This has helped in managing the resources in a well-effective way. This technology has helped in connecting Upstream in order to enable operational safety across the process. This has helped in the subsurface, to assess potential risks and opportunities (Broersma, 2017). BP has evaluated digital twin technologies in order to manage the ideas and actions before going live on actual facilities and operations. All these facilities have widely helped in predicting intervention and their impact on the overall process. The digital technology has helped in managing the previous data in an appropriate way. This is important from the point of view of making decisions. The optimisation system is a tool that is used to predict most favourable operating conditions in order to maximize production (Michel, 2017). The Centre for elevated Performance Computing, with the proprietary TDRM reservoir simulation software , has helped in making quick decision. It is important from the point of view of supply chain management and safety. The Plant Operations Advisor, partnership with GE, has helped in the live field trial in the Gulf of Mexico. This has gradually helped in reducing unplanned downtime by evaluating operational data (Milakovi?, et al 2014). The Connected Upstream has helped in paving a path to the remote operations. This is important from the point of view of carrying out routine offshore tasks. These tasks will be completed by using automation and robotics (Alazzani and Wan-Hussin, 2013). This is related to combining of efforts in the best possible way in order to organize digital experience. It is moreover important for enhancing the power of digital with the experience and expertise of people The Wells Monitoring Centre in Houston, has helped in bringing information and know-how regarding a project. The Advisor console is important from the point of view of gaining an effective role in Oman to reduce the drilling time. This has helped in enabling the real-time information on important parameters Critical evaluation of cloud based ERP system to enhance organisations methods of planning and coordinating The changing technology has helped in shaping both the large and small sized energy companies. Most of the benefit has occurred in the vacuum due to the restricted connectivity. This has helped in gaining significant growth in the Oil and Gas Industry (Tordo, et al 2013). The modular computing at BP is creating an independent ground for the business enterprise in managing the large sized data. This has provided with an ample of opportunity to collaborate the operations in order to ain the effectiveness in the operations. The current technology has helped in managing the data in order to procure information in the best possible way. This is an effective way through which the planning process can be managed. An organization can handle critical issues taking place in order to stimulate the continuous work. This process is important in gaining effective goals in order to procure effectiveness (Ahmad, et al 2013). In order to manage the data and organizing the system and Procedure, BP has very well coordinated the functions through cloud computing technology. This is important for managing the efforts in order to arrange effectiveness in the operations. This is important enough for developing interest in the most appropriate way by managing the units located at the different places. This is important for managing the effectiveness in order to manage sustainable objectives. BP has evaluated digital twin technologies in order to manage the ideas and actions before going live on real facilities and operations. . The digital technologies has enabled in integrating the process data from multiple sources in the most efficient way (Badiru and Osisanya, 2016; Harrison, 2006). The Wearable technology and industrial mobile devices helps in collaborating in a better manner. 3D printing is helping in managing spare parts in order to manage the tools and technology. The continuous changes in the Virtual or digital representation have helped in managing the 3D scanning technology . There is a continuous use of predictive analytics and automation in order to enlarge throughout the value chain (Seifarth and Boush, 2013). Main logistical and operational issues and challenges it The digital technology has created issues in managing the logistical operations. It is difficult for the operational manager to manage the work in an effective way. There is an extreme level of pressure on aligning the functions in an appropriate way for the team. . The changing technology has a long-term implication on managing the logistical functions. The employs might face issue in implementing the changes in the best possible way (Mangan and Lalwani, 2016). There can be issues in implementing the changes at the different units located across the world. There is a possibility that the organization may fail in achieving the targets in order to manage the functions in a systematic way. Just like many other organizations, international oil giant BP will face the consequences due to digital transformation. The cloud computing technology will require an effective training and development functions in order to organize the efforts in a well-defined way. 4 of the key human behavioural issues The primary objective of introducing a change is to stimulate effectiveness in the age of digital transformation. There can be issues regarding the implementation of technology at different unit. The cloud computing and ERP technology will be taking time in implementing the effective knowledge and work among the employees located at the different places. Employees will be facing issues while implementing the changes at the different unit. This is important from the point of view of gaining an effective insight. Employees might resist changes taking place in the organization. It is a general human behavior to implement changes in the daily routine. There can be issues in implementing the changes in the most appropriate way. The employees might take time in understanding the process. There is certain restriction in managing the work within the time-period. It is important enough for managing the changes in the best possible way (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). There can be significant impact on the organizational performance due to the changes in the digital technology. Employees might face difficulty in imbibing the changes according to the process. This is significant from the point of view of deploying effectiveness in the company. The key behavioural issues might affect the organizational growth and sustainability on a long run. Conclusion To conclude, the digital technology has completely transformed the scenario due to the change in the oil and gas sector. There is a need to implement an effective technology system that helps in up-grading the mechanism. It is important from the point of view of growth and development taking place in the sector. With high paced changes in the technological sector, there is an ongoing need that requires an appropriate mechanism. In order to manage the changes it is important to embrace changes to look for hidden sources of value. The report focus on the key issues, this sector faces while HR are recruiting and retention. Digital technology has made a significant impact on the oil and gas companies to arrange an effective system in order to manage the requirements. Recommendations It is recommended to provide with an effective training and development process. This will help in managing the changes in an easy way. The oil and gas sector might face issue in operating the work for which they require an effective cloud computing and ERP software. There is a continuous necessity to manage the changes by organizing the efforts in the best possible way by implementing symmetrical changes. References Ahmad, N.K.W., de Brito, M.P., Rezaei, J. and Tavasszy, L.A., 2017. An integrative framework for sustainable supply chain management practices in the oil and gas industry.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,60(4), pp.577-601. Alazzani, A. and Wan-Hussin, W.N., 2013. Global Reporting Initiative's environmental reporting: A study of oil and gas companies.Ecological Indicators,32, pp.19-24. Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Badiru, A.B. and Osisanya, S.O., 2016.Project management for the oil and gas industry: a world system approach. CRC Press. Broersma, M.2017. Dreamforce 2017: Salesforce Names Google As Preferred Cloud Partner Online. Available at: https://www.silicon.co.uk/cloud/bp-innovation-it-cloud-216091?inf_by=5a028a28671db8226f8b4bc9 Accessed on: 6 November 2017 Digital technology.2017. Online. Available at: https://www.bp.com/en/global/corporate/technology/technology-now/digital-technology.html Accessed on: 6 November 2017 Grant, D.B., Wong, C.Y. and Trautrims, A., 2017.Sustainable logistics and supply chain management: principles and practices for sustainable operations and management. Kogan Page Publishers. Harrison, M. 2006. BP: Big problems for oil giant. Online. Available at: https://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/bp-big-problems-for-oil-giant-413933.html Accessed on: 6 November 2017 Mangan, J. and Lalwani, C., 2016.Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Michel,R. 2017. The Evolution of the Digital Supply Chain. Online. Available at: https://www.logisticsmgmt.com/article/the_evolution_of_the_digital_supply_chain Accessed on: 6 November 2017 Milakovi?, A.S., Ehlers, S., Westvik, M.H. and Schtz, P., 2014. Offshore upstream logistics for operations in arctic environment.Sun Above the Horizon: Meteoric Rise of the Solar Industry,5, p.163. Saad, S., Mohamed Udin, Z. and Hasnan, N., 2014. Dynamic supply chain capabilities: A case study in oil and gas industry.International Journal of Supply Chain Management,3(2). Schnsleben, P., 2016.Integral logistics management: operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Seifarth,R. and Boush,C. 2013. Cloud Technology Boosts Oil And Gas Operations. Online. Available at: https://www.aogr.com/web-exclusives/exclusive-story/cloud-technology-boosts-oil-and-gas-operations Accessed on: 6 November 2017 Tordo, S., Warner, M., Manzano, O. and Anouti, Y., 2013.Local content policies in the oil and gas sector. World Bank Publications. Yusuf, Y.Y., Gunasekaran, A., Musa, A., El-Berishy, N.M., Abubakar, T. and Ambursa, H.M., 2013. The UK oil and gas supply chains: An empirical analysis of adoption of sustainable measures and performance outcomes.International Journal of Production Economics,146(2), pp.501-514.

Teen pregnancies research paper free essay sample

The teean Pregnancy rate amongst sexually experienced teens in 2006 was 152. 8 pregancies per 1000 women, aged 15-19. This is a problem because we have to lower the pregnancy rate amongst teens becoming pregnant. A huge reason why we have to lower the rate is because this can cause the pregnant teen health issues. It can also ruin there lives. Teen Pregnancy is a growing problem in America and it needs to be addressed. Over time the rate of this issue has had its ups and downs. First, the rate of pregnancies increased in 2006. In 2006, teen pregnancy occurred to 7 percent of all women aged 15 to 19. Also, the rates have gotten even larger since 2006 and arent getting any better. The teenage birth rate in 2006 was 41. 9 births per 1000 women. Also, between 1988 and 2000, teenage birth rates declined in every stae and between 2000 and 2005 they fell in every stae except North Dakota and in 2006 they rose. Another factorthat has gone up and down in the past is the average rate at which a teen can become pregnant. We will write a custom essay sample on Teen pregnancies research paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The average rate at which a teen could become pregnant used to be 18 but in the present day that has changed to that a girl can become pregnant at arount 12 to 13 years old. This means that If a girl can be getting pregnant at arount 13 years old she has a way more likely chance of becoming pregnant in her later teen years. But also, this shows that we should not be blaming a teen pregnancy on the children having sex, we should also blame it on science because if it could not be possible for a teen to have a baby and become pregnant than it wouldt happen. Although they can be becoming pregnant at that young of an age they should not evn be having sex. A teenage should not be having sex until they are at least 17 or 18. There are many reasons why teens become pregnant. Fist, they might become pregnant unintendedly. An unplanned pregnancy can cause the teen many health issues. An unplanned pregnancy immediately causes the teen physical, emotional, psychological, and practical consequences. Pregnacy also can cause health risks do to behaviors. Shokingly, 85 percent of all teen pregnancies are unplanned! Second, A teen Pregnancie can be planned. Some of teens who become pregnant are in fact, married. Although a pregnancie can be planned a pregnancie can also be unwanted by the parents of the children. If a pregnancie is unwanted by either or both of the parents, then that can also cause emotional issues. Although, most of planned pregnancies are wanted. There are many things that we can do to prevent the teen pregnancie. First, the parents can help prevent there child from becoming pregnant. If a teen has parents who push abstinence are 12 percent more likely to stay a virgin than a person who doesnt. Despite t. v. , peer pressure, despite hormones, the single biggest influence on whether a teen will have sex is there parents. To make children postpone sex will help not to talk about birth control. Also, letting your children know openly that you expect them not to have sex will help them chose to postpone it. And third, teaching teens abstinence will help prevent teen pregnancies. Finally, each of these methods for parents will double the likelyness that your child decides to stay a virgin. And a final good way to prevent the pregnancies is for parents to have good relationaships with there kids. There are also many, many consequences to becoming pregnant as a teen. The first consequence to becoming pregnant as a teen is STD infections. In 1996. 1. 5 million people including 350,000 children and youth died of aids. Also abstinence programs will not prevent the new hiv infections. Other than STDs there are also many other consequences to becoming pregnant as a teen. First, other than STDs teen pregnancy will cause education issues. For example, Teen mothers are way less likely to finish high school than a teenager who doesnt become pregnant until she is a grown up. This also means that since the teen is less likely to finish high school then they are also way less likely to regraduate and go to collage. Another thing that will cause the girls to quit school and not go to collage is that 60 percent of all teen mothers are living in poverty at the time of birth. This will show that they will probably not have enough money to raise the baby let alone pay to go to collage. Since 4 out of 20 girls become pregnant before the age of 20 then so many girls are going to be out of school and in even in debt because of 1 little mistake of having unprotected sex before they were ready. This is another huge reason why we need to work to help stop this issueand if we dont this will keep happening to hundreds of thousands of girls each year. This will ruin lives period. Also, Pregnancie can cause immediate physical, psychological, and emotional consequences for the pregnant teen and or the man. Another concequence that can take place as one said on Our health, Our future web page is â€Å"women who become pregnant during there teens are at an increased risk for complications, such as premature birth. †(anonymouse, Our Health Our Future teen pregnancie page). This is an important statement because it sais that becoming pregnant as a teen can not only be harmful for the pregnant teen but for the baby as well. Another problem facing teens that is a problem is the abortion rate. As the rate of pregnancies increases the rate of abortion increases as well. Also as an anonymouse person said â€Å"reducing teen pregnancy and birth is one of the most efffecitive ways of reducing child poverty†(Anonymouse, Our Health, Our Future teen pregnancy page). This shows that teen pregnancy is a major cause of child poverty and if we reduce the pregnany rate we will reduce the child poverty rate. Another important quote about the teen pregnancy in america is â€Å"it is hard to raise a child when you are still a child. † (anonymouse, Our Health Our Future teen pregnancy web page). This shows that the teen pregnancies that are occuring are not likely to raise a babysuccesfully. Also, this is another reason why we should be working to end teen pregnancy. And last but not least another huge consequence of having so many teeanage pregnancies in america is that it will cost the teen and the teens parents so much money. The teenage pregnancies in the U. S costs the nationat least 7 billion dollars anualy. If we lowered the teen pregnancie rate in america we could lower the american debt which would help economicaly as well as health wise and emotionaly which is another big reason we should be trying to stop this problem. Thus, teen pregnancy is a problem for society because it will have so many consequences and so many other problems. If we teach all of our kids abstinence, created by that there is hope for us to lower the pregnancy rate amongst teens. Individuals need to practice abstinence to prevent the problem because if the teens arent having sex they arent becoming pregnant. Teen pregnancy is increacing at a fast rate and we need to do all we can to stop it, or even just lower the abnormaly high rate.

Adverse Effects of Piracy essays

Adverse Effects of Piracy essays According to a 2000 study, the U.S. software industry lost more than $2.6 billion to software piracy in 2000. This loss has a significant impact on the U.S. economy. Furthermore, it has been estimated that software piracy cost the U.S. economy over 109,000 jobs, $5.6 billion in lost wages and more than $1.5 billion in tax revenue in the year 2000. Software piracy is not an issue to be taken lightly. The US government has noticed how big software piracy has gotten and has started to crack down on it. Software piracy needs to be stopped. If it is not, all computer users that legitimately purchase software will suffer. Software piracy is defined as the unauthorized duplication, distribution or use of computer software. This can range from making more copies of software than the license allows or installing software licensed for one computer onto multiple computers or a server. With new technologies today the ability to pirate software has become much easier. Many believe this not to be a problem; however, thousands of peoples lives are being affected by this everyday. Companies are losing millions of dollars and having to lay off employees. Copying cheats the publisher and everyone who uses the software. It makes software more costly and denies the publisher the sales it needs to improve software and finance new projects. Up until two to three years ago, software piracy was not a very big issue. Not to say that it was not happening, but it was not as wide spread as today. Since the beginning of the computer, people have been copying software and giving it to friends and family. Small, home based piracy has changed; it has developed into a high tech, low cost production. People used to have to buy the software in order to copy it; however, with a modem and a little bit of computer knowledge, any one can pirate software for free. Nothing has contributed more to the rise of s ...

Free Essays on A Supermarket In America

Allen Ginsberg’s â€Å"A Supermarket in America† In â€Å"A Supermarket in America† Allen Ginsberg, laments upon the decline of American in a hale of imagery, allusion, and voice that imparts upon the reader a deeper understand of the poem, than the impressions left by W.D. Snodgrass’s decomposition â€Å"A produce market in California† which fails to capture the underlining meaning and purpose of the original poem. The poem begins with the opening line, â€Å"What thoughts I have†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (line 1-3), which sets the tone for the remainder of the poem, by immediately thrusting the reader into the imaginary world of the poets own mind, which is the landscape for this poem. This is accomplished by the Ginsberg telling in the first line his location, â€Å"walking down side streets† (line 1-2), and his state of mind, â€Å"self-conscious looking at the moon†(line 2), which implies a daydreaming state, which is verified by the poet speaking to Walt Whitman a long dead poet who was known as the American poet-laureate to of the 19th century. This is important because it tells the careful reader that the poem is a introspective look at poetry, and by invoking the â€Å"American poet† of the previous century, the reader can deduce that this poem will at least explain the poets own views on contemporary poetry. To cement, and reiterate to the reader that this poem is a vision Ginsberg sets it in a â€Å"neon fruit supermarket†(line 4-5), which can not exists in the real world, because fruit are not neon, nor are supermarkets made in the shape of fruit. He goes on in this line to reiterate to the reader that this will be a look at poetry, by â€Å"dreaming of your enumerations† which is a reference to Whitman’s Poetry. Enumerations is commonly defined as â€Å"to count off or name†(Merriam-Webster) but, Ginsberg uses a lesser know meaning that of â€Å"a detailed account, in which each thing is specially noticed†(Merriam-Webster), which is essent... Free Essays on A Supermarket In America Free Essays on A Supermarket In America Allen Ginsberg’s â€Å"A Supermarket in America† In â€Å"A Supermarket in America† Allen Ginsberg, laments upon the decline of American in a hale of imagery, allusion, and voice that imparts upon the reader a deeper understand of the poem, than the impressions left by W.D. Snodgrass’s decomposition â€Å"A produce market in California† which fails to capture the underlining meaning and purpose of the original poem. The poem begins with the opening line, â€Å"What thoughts I have†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (line 1-3), which sets the tone for the remainder of the poem, by immediately thrusting the reader into the imaginary world of the poets own mind, which is the landscape for this poem. This is accomplished by the Ginsberg telling in the first line his location, â€Å"walking down side streets† (line 1-2), and his state of mind, â€Å"self-conscious looking at the moon†(line 2), which implies a daydreaming state, which is verified by the poet speaking to Walt Whitman a long dead poet who was known as the American poet-laureate to of the 19th century. This is important because it tells the careful reader that the poem is a introspective look at poetry, and by invoking the â€Å"American poet† of the previous century, the reader can deduce that this poem will at least explain the poets own views on contemporary poetry. To cement, and reiterate to the reader that this poem is a vision Ginsberg sets it in a â€Å"neon fruit supermarket†(line 4-5), which can not exists in the real world, because fruit are not neon, nor are supermarkets made in the shape of fruit. He goes on in this line to reiterate to the reader that this will be a look at poetry, by â€Å"dreaming of your enumerations† which is a reference to Whitman’s Poetry. Enumerations is commonly defined as â€Å"to count off or name†(Merriam-Webster) but, Ginsberg uses a lesser know meaning that of â€Å"a detailed account, in which each thing is specially noticed†(Merriam-Webster), which is essent...

Management and ecommerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management and ecommerce - Essay Example I want to assume the risks and opportunities of being an entrepreneur. According to Kuratko (153), entrepreneurs risk their effort, time, funds and reputation by taking up an opportunity to venture into a specific entrepreneurial course. However, it would be appreciated that the higher the risk, the higher the returns on investment as beneficiaries pay a premium price. Therefore, instead of being risk averse and continue making meagre or no returns on investment, I would rather take the entrepreneurial informed risks and opportunities availed and have a chance of reaping greater benefits in return. 3. Insurance can be a costly expense, especially for a company that isn’t profitable. Explain the different types of insurance that a small business can obtain, and identify which ones you think are crucial, which are not, and why. The Association of British Insurers documents various insurances for small businesses. General liability insurance protects the business from liability claims with regards to injuries, accidents, negligence claims, slander, libel and cost of a lawsuit defence among others. Property insurance cushions against losses from damage to business assets and stock through fire, burglary, theft and consequential causes. Thirdly, business interruption insurance protects against lost revenue when unexpected occurrences lead to the incapacitation of the business. Money insurance protects against losing money to fraudulent employees, theft while on transit and even fraudulent directors. Finally, worker’s compensation, mandatory in many states, protects the business in case of claims arising from injury to employees. Property insurance, worker’s compensation and general liability insurance are crucial. This is because property insurance protects the business from losing its foundation – stock and assets. Worker’s compensation and general liability

Ethical leadership Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical leadership - Assignment Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that ethical leadership is more respected and leaders who implement ethical practices in their actions are known to be established as role models by the followers. But this definition has certain constraints because it looks at leadership from a relativist point of view. Other scholars argue that ethical leadership is a theoretical concept that is difficult to be implemented in the practical world. Some authors also indicate that ethical leadership is much dependant on the individual leader and his social and cultural background. Brown, Mitchel, and Trevino conceptualizes ethical leadership as a part of their social learning theory. The social learning theory establishes that the ethical leaders can influence the employees to display ethical behavior by implementing ethical practices in their own activities. Ethical behavior of the leaders helps to establish the visible and powerful position for the leaders in the organization and helps them to get the attention and interest of the employees. An ethical leadership involves different formal and personal instances. Though there are different views regarding ethical leadership, the most common consensus goes to the fact that ethical leadership is critical in improving the effectiveness of organizations in the current business environment. Ethical leadership is emerging as an important concept in the retail industry. The ethical leadership practices in a leading multinational retailer, Tesco Plc. can be sued as a suitable example to demonstrate the importance of ethical leadership in the current business world. The former CEO of Tesco, Tarry Leahy focused on building the business based on morally right values so as to attract conscious and morally like-minded employees and customers. Tarry Leahy demonstrated ethical leadership in his tenure as the CEO of Tesco Plc.

To what extent do you agree that CCTV has had a positive effect on Essay

To what extent do you agree that CCTV has had a positive effect on society - Essay Example The first area under review is airport territory as, unfortunately, airports become one of the main targets for terrorists what requires increased attention of security. Human capacity is limited to keep in focus all the details, especially small ones, even if many people are employed. That is the main reason why Closed Circuit Television surveillance is needed. For instance, all the records can be saved and revised should the need arise for more clarification. Such a situation explains the necessity of CCTV implementation to reduce the risk of terrorist attacks and to assist better in questions of preventive measures. Due to this factor, it is possible to minimize the need of hiring a great number of people what is reflected on the economic performance in general. Additionally, with the help of CCTV it is easier to control the quality of pilots work that is the most essential in questions of passengers safety. Moreover, being under control, the level of responsibility is growing and makes people perform better with their obligations. Besides that, such surveillance helps to monitor the quality of services provided by the airport staff, like baggage maintenance and handling, for instance (Airport Security, 2009). To opposite to all those people who worry about their privacy, it should be mentioned that all the video observation is absolutely confidential and only a few people have access to those files what leaves no place for fears of the interference into anyones private life. The other area where CCTV cameras are useful is on the roads. The article (ZeeNews, 2014) has a negative feedback on the growing quantity of cameras and the accessibility to the recorded information. But, according to Surveillance Road Map, where the laws protecting Human Rights are described, it is stated that such an important question as privacy is regulated by the set of laws that carry penalties and punishment corresponding to the

Market Oriented Development Strategy for Niger Delta

Market Oriented Development Strategy for Niger Delta ADOPT MARKET-ORIENTED DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR NIGER DELTA DEVELOPMENT. PURPOSE: To provide you with advice on policy strategy for market-oriented development for Niger Delta development and a recommended course of action. BACKGROUND: Conflicts in Niger Delta have generated domestic and international concerns. For more than 20 years, Niger Delta has experienced recurring conflicts often followed by violence which have been inspired, largely, by broad range of economic factors (for example, increased sense of marginalization, exploitation and injustice by the Niger Delta people, and increased poverty and inequality), political factors (for example, long-lasting corruption, mismanagement of allocated resources, and insensitivity of government to the needs and concerns of the Niger Delta people), environmental factors (for example, land degradation and other environmental disasters) and socio-cultural factors (for example, poor value orientation, particularly amongst the youth). Conflicts in Niger Delta have revealed a paradox in the economic development of the region. Niger Delta has remained the driving force of Nigerias oil and gas wealth, having the second highest recognized oil reserves in Africa and being the eight largest oil exporter in the world. Despite the abundance of natural resources, particularly oil and gas, in Niger Delta, and the huge amount of financial resource allocations from the federal government to, and financial investments by oil companies and donor agencies in, the region, Niger Delta has continued to produce disappointing economic development results. There has been a complete disconnection between the level of socio-economic developments in Niger Delta and the amount of financial resources that government, donor agencies, and oil companies operating in Niger Delta have invested in the region. These huge financial resources do not reflect in the living standards of the Niger Delta people; hence they have had insignificant impact on economic development in the region. The paradox in the economic development of Niger Delta has stimulated difficult development challenges, most especially as the conflicts between communities and oil companies, and government, as well as amongst communities, over resource allocations continue to manifest. Though the past governments have adopted many intervention programmes, through various government agencies, which have, indeed, helped to stabilize security situation in the region and created opportunity for economic development engagements, however, the fundamental causes of conflicts have not been tackled. The fundamental causes of conflicts reside in chronic poverty and inequality in Niger Delta. These are still largely deep-rooted in the regions checkered history of marginalization and deprivation, and are connected very much with the continuing forms of instability in the region. ISSUES: The key issue is the paradox in the economic development of Niger Delta. Development results in Niger Delta have been disappointing, despite the abundance of natural resources in the region, and huge amount of financial resources that government, oil companies and donor agencies have invested in the region (See Attachment A in the Appendix). Another issue is the continued difficult development challenges in Niger Delta, for example, administrative oversight, deteriorating socio-economic infrastructures, increasing poverty, inequality and unemployment, declining value orientation amongst young people, and long-lasting conflicts, despite governments interventions. These development challenges have continued to undermine intervention programmes by various government agencies. As a result, the fundamental causes of conflicts in Niger Delta have remained unsolved. These issues have revealed the imperative for a market-oriented economic development strategy. This is particularly important now that the security situation in the region has been stabilized to a large extent. The premise is that for the economic challenges in Niger Delta to be solved, development strategy needs to capture what the Niger Delta people perceive to be their interests, concerns and needs. The precept is that the federal government should focus on providing co-dependent elements of market-oriented development, for example, creating enabling environment for private sector participation in infrastructure development, while the private sector and donor agencies should assist the government in building the capacities of the Niger Delta people and strengthening the policymaking environment. ANALYSIS: Conflicts in Niger Delta have, historically, been framed on resource allocations. In all the conflicts, government has always been blamed for not returning to Niger Delta the proceeds that are derived from the sale of resources produced in the region. In recent years, as part of governments intervention programme to develop the region, government has set up agencies, for example, the Niger Delta Development Commission (in 2000), the Ministry of Niger Delta Affairs (in 2009), the Presidential Amnesty Programme (in 2009), and the Hydrocarbon Pollution Restoration Programme (in 2012). Through these agencies government has channelled funds for the development of the region. Available data shows that between 2010 and 2014, federal government has allocated about NGN7.4 trillion to Niger Delta. This amount came from different sources, for example, statutory oil revenue allocation, federal allocations to Niger Delta states, budgetary allocations to the Federal Ministry of Niger Delta Affairs, Niger Delta Development Commission, Presidential Amnesty Programme, Hydrocarbon Pollution Restoration Programme, and Ecological Fund, Pipeline Security Contracts for the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, allocations from the Millennium Development Goals, financial contributions from international oil companies, and financial support from development donors (See Attachments A B). What these mean is that the fundamental problem with the development of Niger Delta is not lack of agencies to implement development plans, or allocation of funds to the region, but managing the funds allocated to the region. The processes for managing the funds allocated to Niger Delta have been deficient in transparency and accountability. The issues with the management of funds allocated to the region speak volumes about the poor governance structures and processes of various development plans. Findings from the reports published by the National Bureau of Statistics and Nigeria Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative between 2010 and 2013 have shown that there is presence of overlap and duplication of projects amongst agencies that are involved in Niger Delta development. The overlap and duplication are as a result of absence of a coherent development plan that is shared by the agencies. This has created inefficiency in project delivery, as resources are unevenly distributed. For example, while many projects are abandoned for lack of funds, other projects are duplicated. Other findings from studies done on states and local governments in the Niger Delta region have shown that there is lack of community engagement in the design and implementation of development programmes, as well as in budgeting processes for infrastructure projects. Many development projects do not include the preferences of the communities; hence the projects are often not tailored to the needs of the people. OPTIONS: There are three options to consider: Option A: Adopt a coherent market-oriented economic development strategy for Niger Delta development. Option B: Review the effectiveness of all the existing development plans that have been developed by various government agencies involved in Niger Delta development, and integrate the relevant initiatives into the strategy in option A. Option C: Recommend to Mr President to mandate all the relevant government agencies involved in Niger Delta development to collaborate and consolidate efforts towards developing the strategy in option A. RATIONALES: The current development plans for Niger Delta do not work for the vast majority of the poor people in the region because of the reasons (and more) stated in the analysis above. Therefore, the region needs a coherent market-oriented economic development strategy that will focus largely on tackling the fundamental issues poverty and inequality. Niger Delta development requires market-based systems that benefit the people, include the people in policy/decision making processes, have efficient governance structures and processes for managing funds allocated to the region, and can be sustained. The proposed strategy is not a new plan, rather an operational instrument, with a unified governance framework that is shared by all agencies involved in Niger Delta development, for implementing the existing development plans. To support Option A, the following cases are made: Case 1: Market systems must be beneficial to the poor: This makes the case that the market systems must be all-inclusive; well-organized; represent the interests of the poor; and sustainable in order to work for the poor. Case 2: Markets are integral part of peoples livelihood: The underlying principle here is that poor people rely largely on the market systems for their means of livelihood. Thus, peoples lives can be improved significantly through functional and sustainable market systems. Case 3: Social inclusion is essential for reducing poverty and closing inequality gap: This presents the case that the key to reducing poverty and closing inequality gap facing Niger Delta is enhancing the opportunities for people to participate in policy/decision making processes. Case 4: Access to the market systems: The guiding principle here is that access to the market systems creates an economic virtuous circle, where peoples standard of living is improved, productivity is enhanced, incomes are increased, food security is strengthened, and hunger and poverty are reduced. FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS: The activities that will be carried out in respect of Options A and B will be funded from the budgetary allocations of the government agencies that will be involved in the processes. There is enough scope within their budgets to undertake the activities. Option C has no financial implications. RECOMMENDATIONS: The Honourable Minister is graciously invited to: Agree to adopt the strategy proposed in this brief to ensure consolidation of the gains from the stabilized security situation in, and development of, Niger Delta. Note that the proposed strategy is not a new plan, but an operational instrument, with a unified governance framework, for implementing the existing development plans. Agree to direct for a review of all the existing development plans developed for Niger Delta development. Agree to recommend to Mr President to direct all the relevant agencies involved in Niger Delta development to collaborate and consolidate efforts towards developing the proposed strategy.

Maurice Sendak :: essays research papers fc

	Maurice Sendak may be the best-known children's author / illustrator in the world today. His artwork has become somewhat of an American icon; some even became the basis of an advertising campaign for Bell Atlantic. This extremely gifted genius was actually cultivating within Sendak since his childhood, and many different memories from his youth influenced the masterpieces he has created. 	Born in Brooklyn on June 10th (coincidently, my birthday) 1928, Sendak has illustrated over 70 books and written at least 15 himself. He has also derived animated films for many of his stories, as well as stage productions of Where The Wild Things Are and Really Rosie. Currently, he illustrates the animated series Little Bear on Nickelodeon. Sendak grew up a sickly child who was not allowed to go outside often. Therefore, being the youngest child in a family of three, he was left alone with his imagination. He enjoyed drawing and reading from an early age, but was often dissatisfied with the children books that were available to him. He attempted to read what he called "real books" even when he was a young child; he felt it was an embarrassment even to enter the childrens' section of the library. Sendak writes the type of books he wished he had as a child; entertaining stories which are not limited by any effort to make things so simple for children that they become mundane. 	Sendak's greatest influence as a writer was his father. Phillip Sendak was a wonderfully creative storyteller who amazed Maurice and his brother and sister. "He didn't edit," remarks Maurice in an interview with Marion Long. "It's funny, because that's what I'm accused of now: being a storyteller who tells children inappropriate things." Sendak strongly believes that children are curious by nature, and so he must write stories which beckon the child to keep turning the pages. The best stories for children tell children exactly what they want to hear, with all the details. This is Sendak's goal in his stories. 	An absolutely amazing artist without any formal training, Sendak feels that his adoration for Mickey Mouse has influenced many of his illustrations. Sendak was calls Mickey Mouse one of the most dominant figures of his childhood. This "early best friend" influenced characters in his work, and many of the protagonists in the books he has written have first names beginning with the letter "M." He used Max for Where the Wild Things Are, Martin in Very Far Away, and Mickey's own name for In the Night Kitchen.

Gender Inequality Essay

In the 21st century women are more educated and powerful than they have ever been. They are integrated into every work sector, from labour intensive jobs, middle class jobs up to the highest professional engineering, medical, legal and political positions. However, there still remain high gender inequalities within the workplace, which will be covered in this report through several articles and studies in respects to top management positions and payments imbalance. As gender inequality is not a specific event rather a continuously forming process from the beginning of the humanity until present day, and beyond that. To understand the current state of affairs we have to firstly talk about the processes which have occurred during the past. Historic context: Several studies talk about the division of labour between men and women already in the prehistory. All the evidence shows that from the very beginning, women had the simpler and easier jobs, which was manifested in fruits, eggs and berry gathering, while men had the more dangerous and intensive duties such as hunting and fishing. The subordinate role of women had already appeared in that time. According to anthropologists, the nomadic lifestyle continues as hordes’ communities, women had the role of carrying the pickings, while men were waiting for any attacks from outside the community. As women were not able to protect themselves while carrying the foods, men became the protectors of the community. Although there were some warrior women, who were called â€Å"amazons†, they still are physically weaker. As race preservation is a function of women, when they became pregnant they were not able to support both the community and their duties together, within the hordes eyes, they were considered of no significant importance and the infants and young children worsened this situation. They had to be supported (fed, protected) which slowed down the community, but in the same time until a certain age the horde had no important role for them. However the prehistoric humans had no knowledge about the biology of insemination, therefore they considered the pregnancy as a magical wonder. This is evidenced by the first artworks, for example the female statues which they highlighted the body parts referring to fertility, of which the best known is the Venus of Willendorf. Nevertheless after time they have realised that, the participation of men is also necessary to fertilization and women lost the surrounding admiration, therefore they became even more subordinated. Later in history, several communities with the emergence of the ancient slavery society and monogamy had become widespread. All the men could have only one wife yet posses several bond slaves. Women could have sexual relationship, only with their husbands. If they breached this rule it had serious consequences. Men regarded not only their slave women as their property, but also the female members of the family, over whom men controlled absolute power. In the early feudalism era, the Church had said women cannot be equal to men, as God created Adam first from his own image and only after this created Eve from the ‘rest of the materials’. Women have been created for men, and not inversely. Further more women have to consider their husbands as God. In the middle Ages children had been socially educated to respect their fathers more than their mothers. The male children, from a certain age received adult rights, to treat their mothers and sisters in the same manner as their fathers. They thought women had to been given constraints and rules, as Eve was who anathematized the humanity, so women had to be chastised for it. Men had to penalize women as a duty, even if it was associated with pain. The only rule which was accepted was that the woman could not die. In the 17th century in America, woman took taking care of their families an important responsibility. Women and men were working together on their agricultural lands. While they catered their families, they also worked on markets, where they could sell the remaining crops or some weaved clothes, thus they earned some respect. Women and men have shared not only the jobs, but also the wages. In the 18th century, as the economy has shifted from the agriculture to the industrial economy the world of home and work had got totally separated. Women were forced back to their homes and lost all their social respect. With the occurrence of industrialization, the role of women focused on the duties around the house, or they became industrial workers, for much smaller salary though, as women were treated as inferiority. The most terrible situation was in the lead industry. They have not used protective equipment; therefore lead poisoning was a very frequent workers disease. Women were afflicted by death, poisoning, paralysis; their children were still-born many times. At the beginning of the 19th century women were ignominiously exploited. Their wages were not enough even for their basic needs. A survey in 1889-93 shows that in France a workwoman received half of that wage, what a workman received for the same work hours. In 1918 women’s salary is half of the men’s in America. The women’s wages rose between 1911 and 1945, although they were less than men’s wages. At the beginning of capitalism, new work opportunities appeared. Women occupied the agriculture, the industry, the trading, the banks, the insurance companies, the offices and the freelance positions. This process accelerated the unemployment during the 1st and 2nd world war, worldwide. Emancipation in the UK: The sequences of events are roughly the same in many western countries. In some enlightened states (e. g. New-Zealand, Australia, Finland and Norway) women received franchises before the 1st world war. In other countries, struggles have started, but nowhere were as dramatic as in England. In 1903 Emmeline Pankhurst got to the edge of the movement fighting for women’s right to vote. These suffrages interrupted political meetings, chained themselves to fences and were sent to prison as they were not willing to pay any financial penalty. When the 1st world war broke out, most of the suffrages suspended the fights, and the women who filled in the jobs (instead of the fighting men) coped successfully. This allowed women voting rights from the government, by destroying the stigma surrounding women’s inequality instead of facing the movement again. After the war the US and several European countries undertook similar reforms. Another movement inspired from the UK was created called â€Å"Woman’s Lib for life† created in the US back in 1960s which spread through Europe. This ideology was called â€Å"feminism†. Feminism talks about gender equality, but also about sexual abuse, rape and abortion. Feminists succeeded to reach equal opportunities in political, legal, demographical, educational and employment rights. Nevertheless the practical applications of the laws often meet difficulties, even if their enforcements create special executive and examiner bodies. In many parts of the world, women’s most elementary rights are still missing, in many societies they cannot even choose their spouse. In present days, in the most enlightened countries such as the UK, the distance between females and males in employment decreased significantly, but still women face forms of discrimination. Present: In our days, more and more women take part in higher education. After graduation they try to find a job, build their career what they have to interrupt as their biological clocks are ticking and near their career plans they don’t want to give up building a family. During their pregnancy normally they become less capable to cater their work in full-time. After their pregnancy they have the right to take a maternity leave with the thought of they can return to their job without any discrimination. However, this is not so simple. In the 21st century as in most of the tolerant countries, as in the UK the unequal and inequitable treatment of employees on the basis of gender i. e. sex discrimination in workplace is illegal. If it can be proved by the employee, the employer could probably face a serious penalty. Discrimination can be classified in two ways. One of them is based on suffered disadvantage e. g. nequal payment, discrimination because of pregnancy or maternity leave, inequality in the scale of employment and different treatment and progress opportunities within workplace. Direct and indirect discrimination: The other classification group divides discrimination according to insulted party as an individual (direct), or a specific target group (indirect). Direct discrimination is â€Å"where an employee or prospective employee is less favourably treated because of their race, sex, marital status (including civil partnerships), religion, sexual orientation, gender reassignment, age, disability, pregnancy or maternity† (CompactLaw, 1996-2013). As it revealed from the most recent article from the Guardian about sexual discrimination â€Å"women are suffering escalating levels of illegal discrimination at work when they get pregnant, and are often made redundant while they are on maternity leave, according to a new poll. The figures show one in seven of the women surveyed had lost their job while on maternity leave; 40% said their jobs had changed by the time they returned, with half reporting a cut in hours or demotion. More than a tenth had been replaced in their jobs by the person who had covered their maternity leave† (Tracey McVeigh, 2013). Indirect discrimination is often less obvious. Sometimes, a policy, rule or practice seems fair because it applies to everyone equally, but a closer look shows that some people are being treated unfairly. This is because some people or groups of people are unable or less able to comply with the rule or are disadvantaged because of it. If this policy or practice is ‘not r easonable’, it may be indirect discrimination† (Anti-Discrimination Commission Queensland 2007) One of the most famous indirect cases associated with one of the largest companies in the US being the Wal-Mart Stores. Wal-Mart had a case which started in 2000, when Betty Dukes, a Wal-Mart worker from California, claimed sex discrimination because of gender discrimination in pay and promotion policies and practices. During the negotiations almost 2000 women joined Betty, representing about 1. 5M women. On 20th of June, 2011, the Supreme Court finally closed the negotiations in Wal-Mart’s favour, as the unequal treatment was not clearly proved. On the other side employers and managers have to be very guarded and deliberate to avoid discrimination and promote equality. There are several details which have to be kept in the front view of management.

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership

Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership The success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collaborative leaders have a distinctive quality which is to facilitate not to direct. They must formulate a condition that hold up the stakeholders contributions towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between them. There are three types of facilitative leadership and they include: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. A steward leader normally facilitates the process of collaboration by protecting the veracity of collaborative process. On the other hand, a leader who assist s in nurturing and arbitrating relationships involving stakeholders is known as mediator. Lastly, a catalyst leader helps the stakeholders to recognize and identify their value-creating prospects. Facilitative leadership requires leaders to take part in these three roles. They should however ensure that their relative eminence of these three roles greatly depend on collaborative goals, antecedent condition and system context. There are also two special facilitative leadership styles and they include: organic leadership who has the potential to draw social capital in an extensive was since they belong to stakeholder community and there is professional facilitator who belongs to outside community but is autonomous of stakeholders (Ansell Gash 2008, p. 552) These two leadership styles have special weaknesses and strengths. They can both act as honest brokers, however professional facilitator usually find it easier to establish neutrality but have harder time persuading and motivating stakeholders to formulate effective contributions.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organic leaders have the potential to mobilize and cajole but usually do not have the power to convince their stakeholders. Professional facilitators however do have the power to convince their stakeholders and maintain their integrity. Despite the fact that organic leaders can convene collaborative forums, they are usually the major object of distrust when collaboration unfolds. This is the time when professional facilitators will facilitate meditation process effectively. Collaborative Governance Leaders are important since they efficiently collaborate towards creative problem-solving, service delivery and consensus. They however need to perform within the limits enforced by voluntary action and shared power (Vangen Huxham 2003, p. 22). Powerful catalytic leadership is al ways required from organic leaders who aim at collaborative governance for creative problem-solving. Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories The ability for change management and survival in organization is increasingly becoming paramount in an environment where there is high competition and market globalization exists. Organizations are therefore forced to acquire competitive advantage by having the potential survive and manage change. The process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories which have the potential to equip leaders in various organizations with understanding and knowledge on how they can adapt and respond to demands and uncertainties of change in the global market (Amagoh 2008). Complexity and systems theories are useful in different areas in an organization and they include: in organizational design, corporate strategy, organizational intelligence and in knowledge management (Amagoh 2008, p. 542).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Changes in any organizations are usually interconnected to various complex effects and causes. Complexity and systems theories can offer the managers with avenues of how they can address complex dilemmas in the organization and how they can learn to appreciate them too (McElroy 2000, p. 201). Many attempts have been made to apply Organizational change theories since 20th century. The initial effort that was made involved system theory models which were majorly concerned with constancy and equilibrium and how they could be upheld through negative response control. The business is being scrutinized as corporate environment through the systems theory. Stakeholder’s relations are what comprise of organization environment. However, organizational en vironment is increasing in complexity such that the system concepts are no longer sufficient to handle the complex phenomena (Amagoh 2008). This is the reason why complexity theory emerged which was meant to handle complex issues such as non-equilibrium, instability, entropy and surfacing of new structures and patterns in the organization (Amagoh 2008). Based on complexity theories views, systems are evolving; they can organize themselves to formulate a new thing.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The most common trends in contemporary organizations are usually towards pervasive and continuous change and interdependence increase. They do also close parallels between public and private sectors where similar environmental tests are experienced. Public and private organizations are therefore forced to face tumultuous environments which are characterized by many uncertainties caused by dramatic changes brought by economical, technological and political factors. A more complete and vibrant change management analysis has been formulated to help in comprehending management process better. This is why, complexity and system theories were integrated to help understand the fluid process disruptiveness of organizational change (Amagoh 2008). Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance In United Kingdom, quality of work offered by social care services is usually measured in terms of Best Value reports or Quality Indicators. It is however generally concerned about regular performance measure ment. User satisfaction survey is usually required. However this methodology does not normally give the user the chance to respond in holistic manner concerning the services offered. This means that the clients are not empowered when it comes to measuring quality creating a big dilemma on the issue. Anything that is not measured in relation to quality enhancement, client empowerment and quality assurance is normally defined as an outcome, a process or an intervention (Dowling 2008, p. 215). After conducting a study on career and user experience in United Kingdom and Eastern Europe, it was found that client empowerment process is crucial to the future quality enhancement and quality direction of policies in the country. Over 500 individuals gave out their experience of how they are being treated in public. The old, young, children, parents and disabled people were involved in the study. It was found that the welfare users were least empowered in the group in all the countries studied . When it came to gender, class, age, disability, ethnicity, material resource and education, they found that these people were excluded by the society but professionals involved with them together with the staff members are under paid and their status is also too low. The quality of service offered by social services is considered based on how quality is measured, how social service users and careers can contribute to quality service, how the quality of service offered can be improved such that innovative, ongoing and participative quality measurements are developed in social care organizations through career and user partnerships with the staff and managers of social care. There will be different meaning for user and career groups if client empowerment is different and the quality of services offered is different in developed nations. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoug hts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers. If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured (Pfeffer Coote 1991, p. 120). Mini-Literature Review This mini-literature review is to find out the difference that exists between the three articles, to find out the questions which the three articles are trying to answer and how they answer the research questions. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are formulated which are to be studied. The difference between the three articles discussed above concerns the topics discussed. The first article talks about how the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership and facilitated by three facilitative leadership styles known as: steward leadership, mediator leadership and catalyst leadership. The second article talks about how the process of organizational change can be successful if examined through complexity and systems theories. Lastly, the third article talks about client empowerment and quality assurance. The question that the first article (Stewards, Mediators, and Catalysts: Toward a Model of Collaborative Leadership) is trying to answer is why leadership is an important variable when explaining failure or success of collaborative governance. This is because the success or breakdown of collaborative governance mainly depends on leadership. Collaborative leaders usually play an encouraging and facilitative role in the organization that enables the stakeholders to effectively work together as a group. Collaborative leaders’ role is to facilitate not to direct and contributes towards collaborative process and create effective transactions between stakeholders. On the other hand, the second article (Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theories) is trying to answer how organizational change theories of complexity and systems can be used to describe complex, unpredictable, chaotic and dynamic organizational transformation processes. Complexity and systems theories have the potential to endow leaders in various institutions with indulgent and facts on how they can acclimatize and react to stipulations and qualms of change in the global market. The third and the last article (Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance) mainly answers how the quality of social care can be considered based on how quality is measured, how social service careers and users take part in quality service and lastly how to improve service quality to develop quality measurement of social care organizations to increase on innovation. There can be an improvement in quality measurement if the user and the career organizations are in a position to provide evidence on their own thoughts and perspectives alongside managers, work partners and social care workers . If user and career involvement and evidence are valued and lastly if they resource welfare services in such a way that partnership working can be offered and quality can be measured. Lastly, possible research questions concerning the topics of the three articles are: whether client empowerment and quality assurance exists in the world if they are not allowed to give out their thoughts? Why are people still being judged based on their ethnicity, age, class and gender? Secondly, with the coming of new technologies that are being developed every single day, change is paramount and it is something that cannot be avoided; will new organizational theories be developed to manage the complexities that will come with new technologies? Lastly, is collaborative governance success or failure only depends on leadership only? Are there any other factors that affect its performance? List of References Amagoh, F 2008, ‘Perspectives on Organizational Change: Systems and Complexity Theoriesâ €™, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, Vol. 13 no. 3, pp. 530-551. Ansell, C Gash, A 2008, ‘Collaborative Governance in Theory and Practice’, Journal of Public Administration Theory and Practice, vol. 18 no. 4, pp. 543-71. Dowling, M 2008, ‘Client Empowerment and Quality Assurance’, The Public Sector Innovation Journal, vol. 13 no.1, pp. 210-220. McElroy, M 2000, ‘Integrating complexity theory, knowledge management and Organization learning’, Journal of Knowledge Management, vol. 4 no. 3, pp. 195-208. Pfeffer, N Coote, A 1991, Is Quality Good for You? New York: Institute for Public Policy Research. Vangen, S, Huxham, C 2003, ‘ Nurturing Collaborative Relations: Building Trust in Interorganizational Communication’, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, vol. 39 no. 1, pp. 5-31.

American Oligarchy essays

American Oligarchy essays The American Oligarchy America: The Pretense of Democracy The Aristotelian view of democracy showed democracy as a supreme state of being, promoting equality more than anything. It allowed every person to have as much say in a government as any other person, and yet still allowed individuality to reign. To follow this path of true democracy is to follow the path to a perfect country. Yet America, which prides itself on being a truly democratic nation, is filled with corruption and extortion, nothing like the Utopia Aristotle portrayed. America is in the hands of a select few. A tiny fraction of the population holds any real political power, while the rest simply sit idly by. This goes against the very principle of democracy. Aristotle said of this Any one man [of the many] may be inferior [to a man of excellence], but the city-state is made up of many men. Just as a meal done by many is better than a single and simple one, for this reason a mass (ochlos) can judge many things better than any one man. In addition, that which is many is less likely to be corrupted. So, although an individual's judgment can be corrupted when he is overcome by anger or some other emotion, it is difficult for all to become angry and make erroneous judgments simultaneously. If all the men are good men and good citizens, they are less corruptible than one man. However, seldom is this the case with American politics. There are far fewer politicians then there are low class workers or unemployed, and yet these politicians decide upon most all of the important decisions the country is faced with. The only time the rest of the people are involved is when these politicians spew out money and promises in an attempt to gain the popularity of the public whom they are so far from. Although the majority of the United States is low to middle class, the only people in high political positions are those who spend millions of dollars to get where they are. Equa...

Restless Giant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Restless Giant - Essay Example Therefore, he planned his actions and visited China, becoming the first American president to step on the land (ghk). This has been a significant action taken in the history of the United States because it begun the conception of other political strides the United States later implemented in order to make friendly relationships with other nations, especially with Russia which became Nixon’s next focus. Creating alliance with other nations is indeed very important for any nation because in times of troubles, there can always be a source of help that the nation might need. Although America may be known as a strong nation, it does not capable all by itself. Therefore, the nation needs to form strong alliances with other nations. The friendship formed with China had a domino effect on other nations which were formerly not given notice. Even though the nation is now known as a restless giant, putting its fingers on every nation’s affairs, it is playing a very important role in maintaining world peace. Finally, the friendly step did not just affect the nation economically and politically but it also seemed that the nation has become the ambassador for the warring nations it has allied

History of America since 1877 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

History of America since 1877 - Essay Example During that period politically, the nation was mostly dominated by Republicans. In around 1900, there was an era which came up known as the Progressive Era. This era brought political and social reforms, such as better and improved education and a higher state of recognition for women, and modernization of many areas of government as well as society (Capozzoli, 45). During this period, around 1877 and 1900, there was a great battle against corruption which was put up and it actually worked to the reduction of corruption. There was an unprecedented wave of European immigration and these immigrants provided the labor; hence the expansion of industry and agriculture and also increased population leading to fast-growing urban America. In around 1898, there were two important wars where the US fought against and defeated Spain, which resulted in Cuba gaining independence and eventually also the Philippines in 1946 (Capozzoli, 75). America tried and failed to negotiate a section of settlement for  WW1 then entered the war to oppose German militarism. The U.S. got victorious due to its financial, agricultural, industrial as well as its military strength.

Financial Aspect of Health Care Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial Aspect of Health Care - Assignment Example This is because knowing the healthcare costs ensures financial efficiency of the patient. Cost knowledge enables the consumer to plan (budget) for products and services; this will enable him or her to choose the most appropriate and affordable health product or service provider. The exact total fraud value in the healthcare sector in the USA is not known. The Government Accountability Office, in 2010, illustrated that $48 billion dollars were used in improper payments in the health sector. That is approximately 10% of the outlays for that year totaling to $500 billion. However, Erick Holder, the US Attorney General illustrates that approximately $60-90 billion fraud in 2010 in the Medicaid and Medicare fraud (Pear, 2008). Waste occurs in the health sector programs through misallocation of financial resources; for example allocating a lot of finances to non essential projects. Cost containment entails controlling the expenses or costs needed in operating a healthcare organization, or implementing a health project within planned budgetary limits. Cost containment exercise is a significant management function, because it ensures cost efficiency. This is through using appropriate expenses to achieve intended healthcare targets. The most appropriate metaphor for cost containment is financial budget. This is because it sets limits in the financial use in healthcare, so as to realize efficiency and effective management of funds allocated for healthcare (Pear, 2008). Healthcare is considered a business because it applies the theory and principles of management. One of the principles of management illustrates a scalar chain of command. This describes the flow of authority and power from a single top level, to the lower levels of the health organizations. In healthcare, instructions flow from the top management of the health institution, through the middle management, to the lower and non-managerial staffs. Healthcare is a delivery system because; it aims at

Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria Essay Example for Free

Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria Essay Resource: Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria on your student website Find a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that includes the following: †¢ Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. †¢ What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? †¢ What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? †¢ Explain the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should have been done? †¢ Identify any proposed solutions. See more: Strategic Management Process Essay Include at least three sources in your paper. Resource: Administrative Ethics Paper Grading Criteria on your student website Find a current administrative issue in a newspaper, magazine, or journal article relating to topics such as patient privacy, confidentiality, or HIPAA. Write a 1,050- to 1,400-word paper that includes the following: †¢ Describe the issue and its impact on the population it affects most. †¢ What arguments or facts are used in the article to support the proposed solution? †¢ What are the ethical and legal issues reported for your administrative issue? †¢ Explain the managerial responsibilities related to administrative ethical issues. If none were stated, what should have been done? †¢ Identify any proposed solutions.

The End of Affluence by Jeffery Madrick :: Economics End Affluence Madrick Essays

The End of Affluence by Jeffery Madrick   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the first European settlers arrived in America, ideas of wealth and prosperity were fully implanted in their minds. These ideas soon turned into reality, and the United States dominated the global economy up until the post World War II years. In this paper, from the Book The End of Affluence by Jeffery Madrick, we will discuss how America has gone from domination of the economic market , to just barely hanging on, and the many roads both good and bad that it took.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the 1800's a young historian by the name of Frederick Jackson Turner proclaimed that once Americas land had been purchased and fully cultivated, the deterioration of America would begin. Jackson was not alone in thinking this, many of his peers and colleagues had the same views and beliefs, but were proven wrong with the introduction of the Industrial Revolution. This new era introduced an abundant amount of shortcuts in the area labor and labor saving devices. The introduction of these devices meant that a company could now save on salaries, but still increase productivity. The results of this new way of business were evident, the years between 1790 and 1807 showed American exports rising from 20 million to 108 million exported goods a year. The increase in exported goods was not only due to the new inventions, but also the high tariffs placed on imports, giving America a trade surplus. This increase in trade not only brought about wealth and economic growth, but also revolutionized inventions. One of the largest examples, is the introduction of the railroad, and the tremendous effect it had on the trade of goods. This revolutionary invention enabled the transportation of goods to become quicker, and opened new markets. The ability to transport goods quickly also returned a quicker profit enabling the seller to roll his money over into other items. This new and speedier cycle of buying and selling strengthened the American economy even more, allowing the U.S. to have an enormous trade surplus. The railroad was not the only major invention aiding prosperity. The Cotton Gin was another invention that revolutionized the way work was accomplished. This machine separated cotton fibers from seeds speeding labor 2 to 3 times of what it use to take. The introduction of these machines were effective labor saving devices, but unfortunately with every action there must have a reaction.